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Termes et définitions autours
du mot bug :
Error |
(ISO) A discrepancy
between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and
the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or
condition. [Validation] |
Bug |
A fault in a program
which causes the program to perform in an unintended or
unanticipated manner. [Validation] |
Fault
(bug) |
An incorrect step,
process, or data definition in a computer program which causes
the program to perform in an unintended or unanticipated manner.
[Validation] |
Programming or design error whereby the delivered
system does not conform to
specification [YArms] |
Exception |
(IEEE) An event that causes suspension of normal
program operation. Types include addressing exception, data
exception, operation exception, overflow exception, protection
exception, underflow exception. [Validation] |
Defect.
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A first try at simple definition for defect might be: A defect is a deviation from
specification.
This means that someone in the process makes an error that leads to a fault in the software that causes a failure.
While this is true, it doesn't cover the entirely lifecycle adequately. A better definition would
be:
A defect is a deviation between desired result and observed result.
This definition recognizes the fact that the specification itself may have defects.
[TeamShare] |
Failure |
(IEEE) The inability of a system
or component to perform its required functions within specified
performance requirements. [Validation] |
Software does not deliver the service
expected by the user (e.g., mistake in requirements)
[YArms] |
Anomaly |
(IEEE) Anything observed in the documentation or
operation of software that deviates from expectations based on
previously verified software products or reference documents. [Validation] |
Bug et "Défaut" (Defect)
L'illustration "les
mots révèlent les cultures" de l'article de Laurent
Bossavit ([LBossavit])
sur
la signification d'un Bug insistait sur la déresponsabilisation
liée au mot bug.
[TeamShare]
met en évidence le lien entre l'un et l'autre :
Someone in the process makes an error that leads to a fault in the software that causes a
failure.
Ici, une erreur est synonyme de bug. N'importe qui
(ou n'importe quoi!) peut faire une erreur...
Une faute est le symptôme de cette erreur.
"Failure" est synonyme de "Defect"
et il est de la responsabilité du programmeur de la traiter. Un
simple "debugging" peut ne pas suffire (cf. réponse
ci-dessous).
La responsabilité humaine va croissante d'un terme
à l'autre.
Catégories des termes liés à bugs
En fait, les catégories sont illustrées par les 3
tableaux de la première
réponse.
- on trouve d'abord ce qui se trouve à l'origine
du bug : une erreur.
- on tombe alors sur un "bug" ou une
"faute". Elle peut se caractériser plus spécifiquement par
une exception.
- on traite alors un "défaut" ou un
"échec", dont une anomalie est une version plus
spécifique.
"Debugging" et "Failure
Analysis"
Debugging |
(Myers) Determining the
exact nature and location of a program error, and fixing the error. [Validation] |
Cela comprend ([YArms])
Isolate the bug
Intermittent --> repeatable
Complex example --> simple example
Understand the bug
Root cause
Dependencies
Structural interactions
Fix the bug
Design changes
Documentation changes
Code changes |
Failure analysis |
Determining the exact nature and location of a program error in order
to:
- fix the error (donc comme debugging),
- identify and fix other similar errors,
- initiate corrective action to prevent future occurrences of this type
of error. Contrast with debugging. [Validation] |
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